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ISTQB Certifications for QA/Testers

0 Certifications for QA, ISTQB, Software Testing

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<h1>
Introduction</h1>
<ul>
<li>ISTQB<sup>®</sup>
 (International Software  Testing Qualifications Board) was founded in 
November 2002 and is a  not-for-profit association legally registered in
 Belgium.</li>
<li>ISTQB<sup>®</sup> (International Software Testing Qualifications Board) has defined the “ISTQB<sup>®</sup> Certified Tester” scheme that has become the world-wide leader in the certification of competences in software testing.</li>
<li>ISTQB<sup>®</sup> is an organization based on volunteer work by hundreds of international testing experts. ISTQB<sup>®</sup>
  (International Software Testing Qualifications Board) was founded in  
November 2002 and is a not-for-profit association legally registered in 
 Belgium.</li>
<li>For more details visit the ISTQB web site (<a data-mce-href="http://www.istqb.org" href="http://www.istqb.org/">http://www.istqb.org</a>)</li>
</ul>
<h1>
Certification path</h1>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Certification</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Description</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 17.333333333333332px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CTFL</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The
 Foundation Level qualification is aimed at professionals who need to 
demonstrate practical knowledge of the fundamental concepts of software 
testing. This includes people in roles such as test designers, test 
analysts, test engineers, test consultants, test managers, user 
acceptance testers and IT Professionals.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The
 Foundation Level qualification is also appropriate for anyone who needs
 a basic understanding of software testing, such as project managers, 
quality managers, software development managers, business analysts, IT 
directors and management consultants.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">For more details , please visit the official web site link (</span><a href="http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/foundation-level/foundation-level-in-a-nutshell.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/foundation-level/foundation-level-in-a-nutshell.html</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">).</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">ISTQB offers CTFL in two forms</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CTFL-Model Based Testing</span></h4>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">Designed for model based testing</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CTFL- Agile Tester</span></h4>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">ISTQB extension specially designed for Agile testers</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 17.333333333333332px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CTAL</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The
 Advanced Level qualification is aimed at people who have achieved an 
advanced point in their careers in software testing. This includes 
people in roles such as testers, test analysts, test engineers, test 
consultants, test managers, user acceptance testers and software 
developers.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">This
 Advanced Level qualification is also appropriate for anyone who wants a
 deeper understanding of software testing, such as project managers, 
quality managers, software development managers, business analysts, IT 
directors and management consultants.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">To
 receive Advanced Level certification, candidates must hold the 
Foundation Certificate and satisfy the Exam Board which examines them 
that they have sufficient practical experience to be considered Advanced
 Level qualified.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">For more details, please visit the official web site link (</span><a href="http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/advanced-level/advanced-level-in-a-nutshell.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/advanced-level/advanced-level-in-a-nutshell.html</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">)</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 17.333333333333332px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 700; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">CTEL</span></h3>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">The
 Expert Level extends the knowledge and experience obtained at the 
Advanced Level by providing in-depth, practically-oriented 
certifications in a range of different testing subjects. With Expert 
Level ISTQB</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 8.799999999999999px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: super;">®</span><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;"> offers career paths for testers with clearly defined business outcomes.</span></div>
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<span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">For more details , please visit the official web site link (</span><a href="http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/expert-level/expert-level-in-a-nutshell.html" style="text-decoration: none;"><span style="background-color: transparent; color: #1155cc; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: underline; vertical-align: baseline;">http://www.istqb.org/certification-path-root/expert-level/expert-level-in-a-nutshell.html</span></a><span style="background-color: transparent; color: black; font-family: "arial"; font-size: 14.666666666666666px; font-style: normal; font-variant: normal; font-weight: 400; text-decoration: none; vertical-align: baseline;">)</span></div>
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<h3>
<a data-mce-href="http://certifications.bcs.org/" href="http://certifications.bcs.org/"><b>ISEB</b>/BCS</a></h3>
BCS,
  The Chartered Institute for IT, is a leading industry body for IT  
professionals around the world. We are ideally placed to guide IT  
professionals through their careers and to provide employers with  
expertly trained employees that can add real value to their business.<br />
<b>ISEB Certification path</b><br />
<ul>
<li><h4>
<a data-mce-href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/17" href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/17">ISTQB-BCS Certified Tester Foundation Level</a></h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
<a data-mce-href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/18" href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/18">Intermediate Certificate in Software Testing</a></h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
<a data-mce-href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/21" href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/21">Advanced Level Certification</a></h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
<a data-mce-href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/88" href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/88">Certified Agile Tester</a></h4>
</li>
<li><h4>
<a data-mce-href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/114" href="http://certifications.bcs.org/content/ConTab/114">Expert Level Certification</a></h4>
</li>
</ul>
<b>Note</b>:<br />
ISTQB: International<br />
ISEB/BCS: UK Based<br />
Both
  have different paths. But Foundation level exam (CTFL) is same for  
both. Means if you pass ISEB foundation level exam you can follow ISTQB 
 path for advance levels and if you pass ISTQB Foundation level exam you
  can follow ISEB path for advance levels.<br />
<h2>
 </h2>
</div>

ISTQB Certifications for QA/Testers

Introduction ISTQB ® (International Software Testing Qualifications Board) was founded in November 2002 and is a not-for-profit a...

How to use your QA Skills in a Scrum-Based Project Part III

0 Agile Testing, Manual Testing, Software Testing

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><h2><span style="font-weight: normal;">Read <a href="http://proinformationtech.blogspot.com/2013/02/how-to-use-your-qa-skills-in-scrum_7684.html" target="_blank">Part-I</a> & <a href="http://proinformationtech.blogspot.com/2013/02/how-to-use-your-qa-skills-in-scrum.html" target="_blank">Part II</a> here</span></h2><h2>Test Strategy for Scrum</h2>In this section you will learn how to prepare a test strategy or  perform testing in Scrum environment. The following are a few  assumptions:<br />
<ul><li>Development Scrum consists of many sprints of 2 weeks each</li>
<li>The software is a web-based with certain data in the database. The  role of tester will include testing software in a “QA environment”,  while developers are still doing unit tests in their environment.</li>
<li>The QA Environment is closed to client staging environment. In some cases testing can be performed in Dev. environment as well.</li>
<li>The build and deployment process may take up to 30-60 minutes.</li>
<li>Build responsibility is of Dev. side but QA can also build the release in case if resources are not available.</li>
<li>There two build process <ul><li>Manual Build</li>
<li>Auto build, once per night (nightly build)</li>
</ul></li>
</ul>Using the assumptions above, I have divided a sprint into following segments from a QA perspective:<br />
<br />
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<h3>Day 1: Sprint Planning Day</h3>On first day of a sprint, QA will be involved in the sprint planning  meeting. Get knowledge of all user stories which are part of sprint. Ask  questions if requirements are not clear.  The following are main points  which QA should focus on during the first day of a sprint.<br />
<ul><li>Participate in the planning meeting.</li>
<li>Analyze and clarify the requirements which are mentioned in user stories selected for the current sprint.</li>
<li>Divide the tasks for each user story.  For example: <ul><li>Test Case Preparation</li>
<li>Test Case Execution</li>
<li>Regression</li>
</ul></li>
<li>Add estimates for each divided tasks. Then add it to the final estimation of a user story.</li>
<li>Prepare the test environment (this should also be added as a task in backlog as well).</li>
<li>There may be some user stories which need more testing efforts and a  few may have no detailed testing required. So estimate the tasks  accordingly.</li>
</ul><h3>Day 2: Test Cases Development</h3>The second day of a sprint should be spent developing test cases for  all the selected user stories. Try to cover all user stories which are  in scope of the current sprint.  If all user stories coverage is not  possible, then prioritize the user stories by discussing it with the  development team. For example there are 15 user stories in the current  sprint. Discuss with developers which user stories will be developed  first. Try to cover the test cases for those user stories for which you  will receive the first build. Since we are using the Exploratory Testing  technique, during the whole sprint the test development and testing  cycle will be executed. Try to peer review your test cases with Scrum  Master or Product Owner.<br />
<h3>Day 3 – 8: Development & Testing</h3>Since development is started from Day1, there might be chances that  on day 3 QA receives a release with developed user stories. Coordinate  with the development team, and if they have developed a few user  stories, ask them to provide you the release or simply build the release  and install it on the QA environment.<br />
The following should be the daily activities of QA during this period:<br />
<ul><li>Coordinate with the development team and decide the release pattern. Daily release or when a few user stories are developed.</li>
<li>If you have not received a release , complete the test cases which were not completed in Day2</li>
<li>If any user story is updated, update your test cases accordingly</li>
<li>If the release process is automated every night, then every day QA  will pick the release, deploy the release and then start testing</li>
<li>If the release process is manual there may be three cases:</li>
<li>If some team member completed user stories he/she will provide the build to QA. QA deploys the release and starts testing.</li>
<li>If a single release which includes user stories is developed by development team, QA deploys the release and start testing.</li>
<li>If the development team members are busy in development, QA  coordinates with development team members if there are some newly  developed or updated user stories Then they build the release on QA  environment and start testing. <ul><li>When you start testing, first perform sanity test if the release is  stable. If critical issues are found, coordinate with the development  team to get fixes and perform testing.</li>
<li>Try to complete the testing tasks as much as you can because on the  last days of a sprint, there may be pressure on QA, (as many development  team members will be developing user stories) and QA will receive many  builds or a single build having vast implemented functionality.</li>
<li>Report all bugs/defects which you found during development on time so that they can be fixed on time.</li>
<li>During functional testing, also focus on bugs fixes. Follow-up the reported bugs and verify the bugs that are fixed.</li>
<li>Participate in daily Scrum meetings.</li>
</ul></li>
</ul><h3>Day 9: QA Day</h3>The ideal scenario is that on Day9, no new development should be  accomplished. Focus should be to close all issues and re-test bugs. QA  should try to close all reported issues on this day.<br />
<ul><li>Try to close all open bugs.</li>
<li>Perform regression testing.</li>
<li>Go through the sprint backlog and note down the missed user stories for the retrospective meeting day.</li>
<li>Discuss with development teams if bugs are still open.</li>
</ul><h3>Day 10: Retrospective Meeting</h3>In order to demonstrate a feature in the retrospective meeting, it  should be implemented, tested and all the bugs should either be fixed or  assigned to the Product Owner for clarification (otherwise feature is  postponed to next sprint). The tester should demonstrate that features  meet acceptance criteria and demonstrate the issues assigned to the  product owner (if any)<br />
<ul><li>Participate in retrospective meeting</li>
<li>Discuss what is tested and what is not tested</li>
<li>Explain the reason why few features are not tested</li>
<li>Explain why all bugs are not closed</li>
<li>Close all bugs or assign to Product Owner for next approval</li>
<li>Discuss the next plan in meeting</li>
</ul>In an ideal environment on retrospective meeting day, development and  testing should be closed. However in some scenarios on the  retrospective meeting day we closed many items. So be prepared for such  scenarios. In this case, before of the end of the business day of the  retrospective meeting, you should close all items and a deliverable  package should be available that can be pushed to client environment for  UAT.</div>

How to use your QA Skills in a Scrum-Based Project Part III

Read Part-I & Part II here Test Strategy for Scrum In this section you will learn how to prepare a test strategy or perform testing i...

ISTQB Foundation Level(CTFL) Exam Preparation - pass istqb exam

2 Certifications for QA, ISTQB, ISTQB CTFL, Software Testing

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div><div>In my previous articles</div><br />
</div><div>I  discussed about all QA certification Boards. Before reading this this  blog please just go through the above blogs.  In this blog I will  discuss about<br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Study Material of ISTQB</li>
<li>Registration Process of ISTQB</li>
</ul>Any QA professional can pass the ISTQB CTFL exam easily after studying the material which available in this blog.</div><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Study <span style="font-size: large;">Materiel</span></b></span><br />
<span style="font-size: small;">Please visit the following link: <a href="https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8r9ow5zg1lzjjqo/HkfRGuO8Ku">https://www.dropbox.com/sh/8r9ow5zg1lzjjqo/HkfRGuO8Ku</a></span><br />
<ol style="text-align: left;"><li><span style="font-size: small;">First study the <span style="font-size: small;">F</span>older1 m<span style="font-size: small;">aterial. </span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Once you comfortable with that m<span style="font-size: small;">aterial then open the Folder2</span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Ins<span style="font-size: small;">tall the software</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Add the file in software and then study the questions.</span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Don't go <span style="font-size: small;">for</span> exam <span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">until</span> , yo<span style="font-size: small;">u<span style="font-size: small;"> got 100% sc<span style="font-size: small;">ore <span style="font-size: small;">on the software.</span></span></span></span></span> </span></span></span></span></li>
<li><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;"><span style="font-size: small;">Remember in real exam you <span style="font-size: small;">must know the most <span style="font-size: small;">appropriate<span style="font-size: small;"> answer of a question. All answers will looks like same so practice all the questions<span style="font-size: small;">.</span></span></span></span></span> </span></span></span></li>
</ol><span style="font-size: large;"><b>Registration Process</b></span>  On exam center  you need to show at least two identities.    <br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Go to<a href="http://proinformationtech.blogspot.com/2013/02/certifications-for-software-qatesters_1.html"> https://www.register.prometric.com</a></li>
<li>Login to by providing cridentials or create new login </li>
<li> After Login you will see the following screen, Click on the highlighted link</li>
</ul> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPEGF0XdTIg9qrts2L_Ti95iTSlrVpnuL03JqT-WiNI6i1x-HCNf54MPjv7Kb_5RexKqRZb-5eJ1NSTRZpexidQlmMKUmxDBfo3ApzlVk6Z_EOkJL6yvMkefbCQHTH1czRIJ1GtUI8QdA/s1600/1.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="492" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjPEGF0XdTIg9qrts2L_Ti95iTSlrVpnuL03JqT-WiNI6i1x-HCNf54MPjv7Kb_5RexKqRZb-5eJ1NSTRZpexidQlmMKUmxDBfo3ApzlVk6Z_EOkJL6yvMkefbCQHTH1czRIJ1GtUI8QdA/s640/1.png" width="640" /></a>    <br />
<ul style="text-align: left;"><li>After click on highlighted link , you will see the following screen</li>
</ul><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFArm2P-KN62jhW4PJNX1XEsnltKYOShQFNuqjsDfDpeF7ssK_L9qIhPp3S7Npd0WXb4P_hZOjXF4RYEZC7hDTGvJ7YN3DDPLCZlPLAja44BngfnviCR9E4RqLQ7c7eWDhHW3py24izXg/s1600/2.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="488" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjFArm2P-KN62jhW4PJNX1XEsnltKYOShQFNuqjsDfDpeF7ssK_L9qIhPp3S7Npd0WXb4P_hZOjXF4RYEZC7hDTGvJ7YN3DDPLCZlPLAja44BngfnviCR9E4RqLQ7c7eWDhHW3py24izXg/s640/2.png" width="640" /></a>    <br />
<div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Select your country of residence from above screen, then you will see the following screen</li>
</ul></div></div><br />
<div><div> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB4jxV12DT7EnVendhlY6geQP74PgNrKfmCG6VEXRobvaUxYPRIqe9imVQPkg8F2ttA-yrVthyphenhyphenuVpBGlIPXAUW1a8uaq98QR6YnMMQIvRl73IBxbuWa3T7dzAFJjysJEm4OSlmaCphyphenhyphen04/s1600/4.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="496" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEiB4jxV12DT7EnVendhlY6geQP74PgNrKfmCG6VEXRobvaUxYPRIqe9imVQPkg8F2ttA-yrVthyphenhyphenuVpBGlIPXAUW1a8uaq98QR6YnMMQIvRl73IBxbuWa3T7dzAFJjysJEm4OSlmaCphyphenhyphen04/s640/4.png" width="640" /></a></div><div>  </div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Select "BCS" and click on Next</li>
</ul></div><div><br />
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"> <a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz4rxnFo4qzYrJ4PF1HtYJx7TcVWDrrIHwM9vfqbz-zqrzs5osBe5-ubKZmNcXdTvOdyu7GR6FsB1UsB4QNwzfsdLZfr5_h1_UzL9_-i-dFxK2XJ5QQPglnvwFE_NOmVweWo2OIQIYMIQ/s1600/5.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="484" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz4rxnFo4qzYrJ4PF1HtYJx7TcVWDrrIHwM9vfqbz-zqrzs5osBe5-ubKZmNcXdTvOdyu7GR6FsB1UsB4QNwzfsdLZfr5_h1_UzL9_-i-dFxK2XJ5QQPglnvwFE_NOmVweWo2OIQIYMIQ/s640/5.png" width="640" /></a></div></div></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Select the highlighted exam and click on Next </li>
</ul></div><div><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz4rxnFo4qzYrJ4PF1HtYJx7TcVWDrrIHwM9vfqbz-zqrzs5osBe5-ubKZmNcXdTvOdyu7GR6FsB1UsB4QNwzfsdLZfr5_h1_UzL9_-i-dFxK2XJ5QQPglnvwFE_NOmVweWo2OIQIYMIQ/s1600/5.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="484" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhz4rxnFo4qzYrJ4PF1HtYJx7TcVWDrrIHwM9vfqbz-zqrzs5osBe5-ubKZmNcXdTvOdyu7GR6FsB1UsB4QNwzfsdLZfr5_h1_UzL9_-i-dFxK2XJ5QQPglnvwFE_NOmVweWo2OIQIYMIQ/s640/5.png" width="640" /> </a></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> Select  the pro metric center which is feasible for you. </li>
</ul></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwCYRkZpJpNqzVP2DU2ROnEiTfXSjJEGOdw_wp8vl_wixsfti4Pu2fsE9rCL0Ij79E8ntgi1ny6pp0xfB3i43M-NV1D2uBez9uzLaBK7cRIZDzPkMu2NdqqFN25nqh044TLW8s963xdUQ/s1600/6.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="478" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgwCYRkZpJpNqzVP2DU2ROnEiTfXSjJEGOdw_wp8vl_wixsfti4Pu2fsE9rCL0Ij79E8ntgi1ny6pp0xfB3i43M-NV1D2uBez9uzLaBK7cRIZDzPkMu2NdqqFN25nqh044TLW8s963xdUQ/s640/6.png" width="640" /></a></div><div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> Schedule the exam according to your availability.</li>
</ul></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOoRi7qqdPYxpFymtuEM2NGeZYHsKVVzLCUeONX-tjtelLxzVEFTzpBNTZtga82TMck7h9Q95sFvr5GYaP2FEvZAF1I4wPRIhTZbDb1i5KajgfN9Gy5G-5sj4MzWSUS-D5JZM1prIxICQ/s1600/7.png" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="476" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEhOoRi7qqdPYxpFymtuEM2NGeZYHsKVVzLCUeONX-tjtelLxzVEFTzpBNTZtga82TMck7h9Q95sFvr5GYaP2FEvZAF1I4wPRIhTZbDb1i5KajgfN9Gy5G-5sj4MzWSUS-D5JZM1prIxICQ/s640/7.png" width="640" /> </a></div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;">.</div><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8HWvg3rey8SaxwPGitRdW1lSqxmVezi6s4jBpdxIAJvu4f2OH01ir9GqafExauNXp1EdL7hdGE8F8kxNSverEW1xd_621qtrX4YaI2ySAbZ28U7qfnoyLOr1uNDp0OVbM6cvpluDO-n0/s1600/8.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"> </a></div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li> Enter the voucher , which will be provided from your pro metric center</li>
</ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDxnmsNQ6J0R2NJpgzbSWEgyIZ8eQ6pbxCn9unqj1zEZ3XmiF2306o6cF_KM8r2OhJdZGVvxdHVpGBf9fijMmpD5ETXmVXSeBg9tVFMzqI9BGZrvvlGZNBjtP1kYOv1goqlqd7j_eaUnQ/s1600/8a.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="494" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgDxnmsNQ6J0R2NJpgzbSWEgyIZ8eQ6pbxCn9unqj1zEZ3XmiF2306o6cF_KM8r2OhJdZGVvxdHVpGBf9fijMmpD5ETXmVXSeBg9tVFMzqI9BGZrvvlGZNBjtP1kYOv1goqlqd7j_eaUnQ/s640/8a.png" width="640" /></a> </div><ul style="text-align: left;"><li>Now finally click on "Confirm Registration"</li>
</ul><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: left;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8HWvg3rey8SaxwPGitRdW1lSqxmVezi6s4jBpdxIAJvu4f2OH01ir9GqafExauNXp1EdL7hdGE8F8kxNSverEW1xd_621qtrX4YaI2ySAbZ28U7qfnoyLOr1uNDp0OVbM6cvpluDO-n0/s1600/8.png" style="clear: left; float: left; margin-bottom: 1em; margin-left: 1em;"><img border="0" height="499" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEi8HWvg3rey8SaxwPGitRdW1lSqxmVezi6s4jBpdxIAJvu4f2OH01ir9GqafExauNXp1EdL7hdGE8F8kxNSverEW1xd_621qtrX4YaI2ySAbZ28U7qfnoyLOr1uNDp0OVbM6cvpluDO-n0/s640/8.png" width="640" /></a></div><script async src="//pagead2.googlesyndication.com/pagead/js/adsbygoogle.js"></script><br />
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ISTQB Foundation Level(CTFL) Exam Preparation - pass istqb exam

In my previous articles I discussed about all QA certification Boards. Before reading this this blog please just go through the above blo...

Software Testing/QA Course for beginners part I

1 Software QA/Testing

<div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><div dir="ltr" style="text-align: left;" trbidi="on"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"></span></span>  <span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;">I will try to cover a complete course for fresh Software Testers/QA so that they can be a successful QA professionals. </span></span><br />
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  <noscript><a HREF="http://ws.amazon.com/widgets/q?rt=tf_ssw&ServiceVersion=20070822&MarketPlace=US&ID=V20070822%2FUS%2Finformatec0a7-20%2F8003%2F70c6aa6a-fede-41cb-8bc5-b330a1de546c&Operation=NoScript">Amazon.com Widgets</A></noscript> </div></div><br />
<span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><b>Contents</b>:</span></span><br />
<ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l15 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Basics of Quality      Assurance & Quality Control</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What is Quality</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">           </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What is Quality Assurance</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What is Quality Control</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Difference between QA & QC</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">How Quality can be achieved</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Why Testing</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">When to start Testing</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l12 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">When to finish Testing</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l6 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Process Models</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">SDLC</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Waterfall</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">V Model</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Agile / SCRUM</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Reviews(Inspection      and walkthrough)</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Methods</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Testing Levels</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l14 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Process</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Software Testing Life Cycle </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bug Life Cycle </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l11 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Bug Priority and Severity</span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l16 level1 lfo7; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Planning</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Plan </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Estimation </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Strategy </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l7 level1 lfo8; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Approach </span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l9 level1 lfo9; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Design</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Case Development </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Case Design Techniques </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo10; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 11.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Coverage </span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Execution</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l8 level1 lfo11; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Test Status Reporting</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: 0.0001pt;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;">What is Quality</span></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">According to IEEE Quality is </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></b></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The degree to which a system,      component, or process meets specified requirements </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l13 level1 lfo12; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> The degree to which a      system, component, or process meets customer or user needs or      expectations. </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">According to ISO Quality is </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></b></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo13; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The totality of characteristics      of an entity that bear on its ability to satisfy stated and implied      needs  </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-size: large;"><span style="color: black;">What is Software Quality</span></span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">According to Roger Pressman Software Quality is defined as</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo14; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Conformance to      explicitly stated and performance requirements, explicitly documented      development standards, and implicit characteristics that are expected of      all professionally developed software</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> According to Roger Pressman Software Quality is defined as</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo15; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Conformance to      explicitly stated and performance requirements, explicitly documented      development standards, and implicit characteristics that are expected of      all professionally developed software</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Quality Assurance & Quality Control</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"><br />
<b><span style="mso-bidi-font-weight: bold;">IEEE define Quality Assurance as: </span></b></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo16; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">A set of activities designed to      evaluate the process by which products are developed or manufactured</span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">IEEE define Quality Control as: </span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l10 level1 lfo17; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">A set of activities designed to      evaluate the quality of developed or manufactured products  </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-size: large;">Difference between QA and QC</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">  </span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Quality Assurance</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Software QA involves the entire software development PROCESS - monitoring and improving the process, making sure that any agreed-upon standards and procedures are followed, and ensuring that problems are found and dealt with. It is oriented to 'prevention'</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-font-weight: bold; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Quality Control</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></b></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Testing involves operation of a system or application under controlled conditions and evaluating the results (eg, 'if the user is in interface A of the application while using hardware B, and does C, then D should happen'). The controlled conditions should include both normal and abnormal conditions.</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><br />
<div style="margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVKQFv_XkQ8lqk4F7Td8uckyQj5SkuwTCDdrwwW3yQsYiCMHumBK9qRm62BSET8zGXurutD1lWs2kqCpRdnAme_JQjiiIsIuhcXzPh4ih6H26p69X4Xy-_RyNWoKxHYz7l0lHwQv0r2C4/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="212" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEjVKQFv_XkQ8lqk4F7Td8uckyQj5SkuwTCDdrwwW3yQsYiCMHumBK9qRm62BSET8zGXurutD1lWs2kqCpRdnAme_JQjiiIsIuhcXzPh4ih6H26p69X4Xy-_RyNWoKxHYz7l0lHwQv0r2C4/s400/Untitled.png" width="400" /></a></span></span></div><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">What is Software Testing?</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Testing is the process of executing a program or system with the intent of finding error [Myers, 1979]</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Testing is any activity aimed at evaluating an attribute of a program or system. Testing is measurement of software quality [Hetzel, 1983]</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">According to IEEE</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The process of analyzing a software item to detect the differences between existing and required conditions and to evaluate the  features of the software items (IEEE Std 829-1983</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Why Software Testing</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> Redefine the      application/software development process</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Identify areas of      weakness and enhancements</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Verify the expected      performance</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Verify the accuracy      of logic</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Ensure that business      requirements of the system have been met</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"> </span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Let’s illustrate why testing with the true story of Mercury spacecraft failure. </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The computer program ABOA spacecraft contained the following statement with the FORTRAN programming language. </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: red; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">DO 100 I = 1.10 </span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The programmer's intention was to execute a succeeding statements up to line 100 ten times then creating a loop where the integer variable I was using the loop counter, starting 1 and ending at 10.</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Unfortunately, what this code actually does is writing variable I do to decimal value 1.1 and it does that once only. Therefore remaining code is executed once and not 10 times within the loop. As a result spacecraft went off course and mission was aborted considerable cost!).</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Correct Syntax</span></b><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">The correct syntax for what the programmer intended is:--</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">.DO 100 I=1,10</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">So a small mistake make a very big thing. That’s why software testing is very necessary</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><br />
</div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">When to start Testing</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">Testing should begin      with the Analysis phase of a project and continue all the way through</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;">As many issues found      in analysis, design phase can reduce the cost of project</span><span style="mso-ascii-font-family: Calibri; mso-ascii-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-bidi-font-family: Calibri; mso-bidi-theme-font: minor-latin; mso-hansi-font-family: Calibri; mso-hansi-theme-font: minor-latin;"></span></li>
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<div class="separator" style="clear: both; text-align: center;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><a href="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQnOB7ozFk_XGBlpgzHn6-ROfQg1KcHb_0bN9dfzjzlZ-D8Xxe7EUbPC9KH6aNk7FHFnsbVcemxYBA2WR15o3WN0585VmPrQ1dyU4aT64lLig3lht-9d5sIFOyGKKqvFWCAMMnbwfF4Gw/s1600/Untitled.png" imageanchor="1" style="margin-left: 1em; margin-right: 1em;"><img border="0" height="198" src="https://blogger.googleusercontent.com/img/b/R29vZ2xl/AVvXsEgQnOB7ozFk_XGBlpgzHn6-ROfQg1KcHb_0bN9dfzjzlZ-D8Xxe7EUbPC9KH6aNk7FHFnsbVcemxYBA2WR15o3WN0585VmPrQ1dyU4aT64lLig3lht-9d5sIFOyGKKqvFWCAMMnbwfF4Gw/s400/Untitled.png" width="400" /></a></span></span></div><div style="direction: ltr; margin-bottom: 0pt; margin-left: 0in; margin-top: 0pt; text-align: left; unicode-bidi: embed; word-break: normal;"><span style="font-family: inherit;"><span style="font-size: small;"><br />
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<div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">When to finish Testing</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Some of the common factors and constraints that should be considered when decided on when to stop testing are</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Project      deadline and test completion deadline. </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Critical      or Key Test cases successfully completed. Certain test cases even if they      fail may not be show stoppers.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Functional      coverage, code coverage,  meeting the client requirements to certain      point.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Defect      rates fall below certain specified level & High priority bugs are      resolved.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l5 level1 lfo1; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="color: black; font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">The      risk in the project is under acceptable limit.</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><b><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Reviews</span></b><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">A review is any activity in which a work product is distributed to reviewers who examine it and give feedback </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"><br />
Two main Types </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l3 level1 lfo2; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Formal Review </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l1 level1 lfo3; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Inspection </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l4 level1 lfo4; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Informal      Review </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; margin-left: 1.0in; margin-right: 0in; margin-top: 0in; mso-list: l0 level1 lfo5; tab-stops: list .5in; text-indent: -.25in;"><span style="font-family: "symbol"; font-size: 10.0pt; mso-bidi-font-family: Symbol; mso-bidi-font-size: 12.0pt; mso-fareast-font-family: Symbol;"><span style="mso-list: Ignore;">·<span style="font: 7.0pt "Times New Roman";">         </span></span></span><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Walkthrough </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"> Other types of reviews include</span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></div><ul style="margin-top: 0in;" type="disc"><li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Desk check </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Peer Review </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Code reading </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Management reviews </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
<li class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in; mso-list: l2 level1 lfo6; tab-stops: list .5in;"><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;">Audits </span><span style="font-family: "times new roman" , "serif"; font-size: 12.0pt;"></span></li>
</ul><div class="MsoNormal" style="line-height: normal; margin-bottom: .0001pt; margin-bottom: 0in;"><span style="font-size: large;"><b><span style="font-family: "inherit" , "serif";"><br />
  <span style="color: black;">In next blog I will discuss about reviews in details....</span></span></b></span><ins class="adsbygoogle" data-ad-client="ca-pub-4356256627251602" data-ad-slot="6882890172" style="display: inline-block; height: 250px; width: 300px;"></ins></div></div><br />
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